What process describes the continuous exchange of water between the Earth and the atmosphere?

The continuous exchange of water between the Earth and the atmosphere is best described by the hydrologic cycle. This cycle encompasses several processes, including evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff, illustrating how water moves through different phases and locations.

In the hydrologic cycle, water evaporates from bodies of water and the soil into the atmosphere. Plants also contribute to this process through transpiration, where they release moisture into the air. The water vapor then cools and condenses to form clouds, ultimately leading to precipitation in the form of rain or snow, which replenishes water sources on Earth's surface.

Understanding the hydrologic cycle is crucial in the study of water resources and environmental management, as it highlights the interconnectedness of various components of the Earth's systems. Other processes mentioned, such as reverse osmosis and infiltration, do not encompass the complete cycle and exchange of water characteristic of the hydrologic cycle.